Will The Sub Zero Temperatures Kill The Tomato Blight In My Garden

One of my heirloom tomatoes, just shy of ripening,
infected with late blight; August 2009

This past summer I began my first real garden — "real" meaning in the ground and not in containers. I started most of my vegetables from seed, and my garden did quite well for a first try. I had basil, parsley, sage, jalapeños, peas, summer squash, zucchini, buttercrisp lettuce, mesclun greens, and tomatoes. Well . . . I almost had tomatoes.

My first in-ground garden; July 2009

In early August my tomatoes caught late blight. All 15 heirloom plants, which were over 4 feet tall and which I had been tending to since March when I started them from seed, were infected. I was bordering on tears the day I pulled out every tomato plant from the soil. I crammed and stuffed those well-cared-for, well-loved plants into garbage bags to contain the fungus and reduce the spread of the spores. I will try again next season. I am determined to grow my tomatoes and eat them, too!

Tomatoes and other vegetable seedlings growing under
fluorescent lights in my basement; April 2009

Greenhouse Management & Production put a post on their site to instruct gardeners on how to prevent blight next growing season. This is what they had to say:
To help prevent late blight next growing season, Beth Gugino, assistant professor of plant pathology at Penn St. Univ., recommends making sure that all late blight-infected tomato and/or potato plant tissue from this past season is dead and home gardeners refrain from composting diseased plant material. "Late blight cannot withstand the freezing winter temperatures of the Northeast, but may be able to live in the center of a warm compost pile," said Gugino. "As long as the plant tissue is alive, the pathogen can survive." Late blight is a fungus (Phytophthora infestans) that primarily affects tomatoes, potatoes and certain solanaceous weeds such as bittersweet nightshade. "An unseasonably cool spring followed by an equally unseasonably cool and wet summer facilitated late blight growth for both home gardeners and commercial farmers throughout the growing season, which is very rare," Gugino said. There is no need to remove dead tomato plant tissue this late in the season or treat the soil over the winter, since freezing temperatures will kill both the plant tissue and late blight. However, late blight can survive in infected potato tubers over winter and can be a potential source of the disease the following year. If they are infected, Gugino recommends they be dug up and disposed of. She said volunteer potato plants that begin to grow next season should be quickly destroyed. The pathogen can't survive in or on tomato seeds, or on tomato cages and stakes between the seasons. Gugino said many bacterial diseases can survive in the seed and on the cages so it is still important to purchase high quality seed and to disinfect cages and stakes to help control these diseases. Currently there are no tomato varieties resistant to late blight, however growers and home gardeners have observed that some may be less susceptible than others. Breeding work is under way and some resistant varieties are in the final stages of development and are expected to be available as soon as 2010.

Greenhouse Management & Production : News Preventing tomato late blight next year

Best of luck to all gardeners; may you have bright, juicy, delicious tomatoes in 2010!

— Kristy MacWilliams, Marketing Manager

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